INTRODUCTION. The human nail shields the distal digit from harm, assists in the picking up of small objects, improves fine touch, and enhances the aesthetic appearance of the hand [].Aesthetically displeasing nails and nail-associated symptoms, such as pain or throbbing, are common factors that contribute to a patient's decision to seek medical attention.pegarle a vtr + prep. The batsman clubbed the ball high into the air. El bateador golpeó la pelota y la mandó por los aires. club [sb] with [sth] ⇒ vtr. (hit with heavy object) golpear con vtr + prep. (repetidamente) darle garrotazos a loc verb + prep. The two men clubbed their victim with a baseball bat. Clubbing. Clubbing is enlargement of the tips of the fingers or toes and a change in the angle where the nails emerge. Clubbing occurs when the amount of soft tissue beneath the nail beds increases. It is not clear why the soft tissue increases, but it may be related to the levels of proteins that stimulate blood vessel growth. Happy hardcore, gabba, minimalist techno and indie are very popular music styles here. The Kita area of Osaka (i.e. Umeda and surrounding areas) offers a more underground feel to your clubbing experience whilst in Japan. Club Noon (formerly Club Dawn), which would earn the prize for Kansai's best nightclub if …Stream Mario Toby - Hai Bàn Tay Của Em [Klubing Mix] Free Download ️ by Mario Toby on desktop and mobile. Play over 320 million tracks for free on SoundCloud.noun. /ˈklʌbɪŋ/ [uncountable] the activity of going to nightclubs regularly. They go clubbing most weekends. Topics Hobbies b2. Want to learn more? Find out which words work …El Born District. For a slightly more sophisticated slice of Barcelona’s nightlife, the equally pretty, but slightly less touristy, El Born is also very central and here you’ll find all manner of trendily-attired nightowls crowding into cafes and bars – especially in the district’s heart, the Passeig del Born.Structured Satin Twill Mini Skater Dress. $52.00 (50% OFF) $104.00. If you're into looking good with next to no effort when you're going out, then we've got the party dresses for you. Click this way to shop your new fave going out dress.Clubbed nails form when there is a change in the angle between the nail bed and the rest of the finger. In a normal fingertip, the area where the nail bed meets the finger is caved inward like a divot. In a clubbed nail, this area appears bulging like a mound. In other words, the inward angle becomes an outward angle.Methods: Consecutive outpatients with fibrotic ILDs of two tertiary referral centers were included. Clubbing was assessed with the phalangeal depth ratio, the digital index, the Schamroth sign test, and by the treating physicians and investigator. Results: We included 153 patients (100 men), mean age 65 (range 33-88), mean FVC 79% (25-145% ...t. e. A nightclub is a club that is open at night, usually for drinking, dancing and other entertainment. Nightclubs often have a bar and discothèque (usually simply known as disco) with a dance floor, laser lighting displays, and a stage for live music or a disc jockey (DJ) who mixes recorded music. Nightclubs tend to be smaller than live ...May 20, 2020 · Located in Fraser Business Park, Esperance proves to be one of the hottest spots in the city for a fun night out. The nightclub features a futuristic setting with plush seats and a neon-lit dance floor where you can move to the beats of trance, EDM, and house tunes. 7. The Box at Elysium Bar & Terrace. 1. : the activity of patronizing nightclubs. At three in the morning, it's a different scene: friends coming off a night of clubbing trade stories of their conquests … Javier Cabral. 2. : the …Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data. Thyroid acropachy is an unusual presentation of autoimmune thyroid disease (~1% of patients with Graves disease ). It can occur in hyperthyroid, euthyroid, hypothyroid, or even post-treatment patients. It is almost always associated with thyroid ophthalmopathy . Clubbed fingers refers to the way the ends of your fingers look, including your nails and the areas around and under them. These appearances can happen with your toes as well. If clubbing happens, it usually affects both hands and/or both feet. Some people refer to clubbing of the fingers and toes as digital clubbing. 6 days ago · Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a website. Clubbing TV is the first international TV channel exclusively dedicated to dance music, DJs, festivals, lifestyle and Club culture ! You'll find everything you need at Lulus! In addition to tons of gorgeous nightclub dresses, we've got a variety of shoes, handbags and purses, jackets, and jewelry to help you put together the perfect clubbing outfits. Many of our sexy club dresses are statement pieces on their own and don't need a ton of accessories, but a great pair of pumps ...Cocktail plus size dresses. Plus size sequin dresses. Sequined plus size dress. Purple plus size dresses. From statement dresses and figure-flattering pants, this edit of plus size club wear is perfect for you doll. Speedy Shipping only $6.99.Digital clubbing can be categorized based on progressive changes to the fingertips and nail bed. Grade 1: There is some fluctuation and softening noticeable in the nail bed. Grade 2: The angle between the nail bed and the proximal nail fold is greater than 160 degrees. Grade 3: There is accentuated convexity of …THIS DJ SET TECHNO WAS THE MOST VIEWED ON YOUTUBE IN 2020, REACHING THE TOP POSITION WITH OVER 3.300.000 VIEWS IN A YEAR.PLAYLIST:00:00 Oliver Huntemann - Tr... Clubbing is a physical sign characterized by bulbous enlargement of the ends of one or more fingers or toes (Figure 44.1). Proliferation and edema of connective tissue result in loss of the normal angle between the skin and nail plate and excessive sponginess of the nail base. Clubbing is usually acquired and is associated with certain cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders, but may ... The nail-fold angle is one method used to define clubbing. In normal fingers, the nail extends from the bed (the profile angle) at about 160 degrees, but in clubbed fingers this angle approaches ...You'll find everything you need at Lulus! In addition to tons of gorgeous nightclub dresses, we've got a variety of shoes, handbags and purses, jackets, and jewelry to help you put together the perfect clubbing outfits. Many of our sexy club dresses are statement pieces on their own and don't need a ton of accessories, but a great pair of pumps ...Read more. Advertising. Photograph: Murray Fredericks. 11. Ivy Pool Club. Bars. Sydney. Best for: Lettin’ loose in summertime like Hollywood royalty. If you like your daytime disco smoothly ...Get Ready to Dance the Night Away. Attention all party people! If you're looking for the ultimate night out, look no further than Clubing Night. Our club is the perfect spot for dancing, socializing, and just letting loose. Don't miss out on all the fun - …Taylor Swift delighted fans when she shared a funny video of herself, Travis Kelce and her parents celebrating the Kansas City Chiefs' Super Bowl win this week. A TikTok posted by the singer ...Best Cities for All Night Parties in Europe. 1. Riga, Latvia. The capital and largest city of Latvia, Riga, is one of the top party cities in Eastern Europe. The city is known for its rich culture, old traditions, and stunning architecture and is …Polovica treku Klubing Komplex nazvaná Clubbing Complex s narodeninového mixtapu DJ-a Spank-a pre 90 bpm. Celý trek nájdeš na producentskom mixtape ZatrestZE...Clubbing has been described as occurring in stages. 42 First, there is a periungual erythema and a softening of the nail bed, giving a spongy sensation on palpation, followed by an increase in the normal 160° angle between the nail bed and the proximal nailfold. This increased angle causes the nail to develop a convexity …CHECK OUT MY HOMIE LIZA: http://bit.ly/2hcseJ9WATCH THE BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/2gKyZAwMY COLLAB WITH GINA RODRIGUEZ: …Clubbing (Fingers & Toes) | Causes, Schamroth’s Sign, Associated Conditions, Treatment** PLEASE DONATE to help support this channel https://www.patreon.com...Oct 6, 2023 · Contents Introduction The song “KLUBING” by Onar is a vibrant piece of music that captivates listeners with its infectious beats and catchy melodies. Released in 2020, this song has gained significant popularity, leaving fans and critics intrigued by the meaning behind its lyrics. In this article, we will delve deep into the meaning and themes … The Meaning Behind The Song: KLUBING by ... INTRODUCTION. The human nail shields the distal digit from harm, assists in the picking up of small objects, improves fine touch, and enhances the aesthetic appearance of the hand [].Aesthetically displeasing nails and nail-associated symptoms, such as pain or throbbing, are common factors that contribute to a patient's decision to seek medical attention.4. Be prepared with cash and essentials. When going out clubbing alone, having cash and the necessary items on hand is essential. Be sure to bring multiple forms of payment (cash, credit card or prepaid gift cards) in case of emergency.; Wallet essentials such as bank cards, ID or driver’s license should be carried at all times to gain access into a variety of …Digital clubbing can be categorized based on progressive changes to the fingertips and nail bed. Grade 1: There is some fluctuation and softening noticeable in the nail bed. Grade 2: The angle between the nail bed and the proximal nail fold is greater than 160 degrees. Grade 3: There is accentuated convexity of …Synonyms for CLUBBING: thumping, smashing, thrashing, whipping, flogging, bashing, attack, assault; Antonyms of CLUBBING: pacifism, nonviolence, pacificism, splitting ...Given the importance of the city itself in the development of nightclub culture, the sounds associated with particular nightclub ‘scenes’ were in many respects a reflection of the urban landscape they emerged from.. For example, hyper industrialized urban landscapes like Chicago and Detroit pioneered ‘House’ and ‘Techno’ music in the 1980s.Much of the city's nightlife is found in the Jewish Quarter, but its infamous ruin bars are found on Kazinczy utca, Akácfa utca and Klauzál utca. But there's plenty more low-key spots too ...May 30, 2023 · Clubbing of the fingers and toes happens when an underlying disease changes the shape, size, or appearance of your nails or the surrounding area. Clubbing of the fingers or toes refers to certain ... Bali’s Nightlife. Hotspots: Seminyak & Canggu. The young & wild hang in Kuta. International DJs. Beach Club Parties. Famous Bintang Beer. The real nightlife often starts well after midnight. However, at beach clubs, the partying may begin at sunset. Relax and meet new people at one of Bali’s many beach clubs, nightclubs, discos or upscale ... Clubbing. Clubbing is enlargement of the tips of the fingers or toes and a change in the angle where the nails emerge. Clubbing occurs when the amount of soft tissue beneath the nail beds increases. It is not clear why the soft tissue increases, but it may be related to the levels of proteins that stimulate blood vessel growth. Clubbing. Clubbing is enlargement of the tips of the fingers or toes and a change in the angle where the nails emerge. Clubbing occurs when the amount of soft tissue beneath the nail beds increases. It is not clear why the soft tissue increases, but it may be related to the levels of proteins that stimulate blood vessel growth. Kompletirana lista izvođača Arsenalove Explosive DJ bine. Kragujevac se sprema za još jedno fenomenalno izdanje ARSENAL FESTa , a sve u znaku dobre muzike i svetlosti , kao i prve sijalice koja je pre 140 godina zasijala u prostoru današnje Čaurnice , mestu gde se godinama unazad i nalazi Explosive DJ bina na Arsenal festu. 15 godina sa Vama.Much of the city's nightlife is found in the Jewish Quarter, but its infamous ruin bars are found on Kazinczy utca, Akácfa utca and Klauzál utca. But there's plenty more low-key spots too ...8. Badaboum. Clubs. Roquette. With a look that’s part cosy Paris apartment and part old-school cocktail den, this bar-restaurant is certainly a stylish place to see and be seen. It’s also good ...Klubbing av fingrene eller tærne refererer til visse fysiske endringer i neglene eller tåneglene som skyldes en underliggende medisinsk tilstand. Disse endringene kan omfatte: utvidelse og økt rundhet av neglene økt vinkel mellom neglebåndene og neglene krumning nedover av neglene dine mykgjøring av neglene dine, noe som får neglene til å … What does klubing mean? Information and translations of klubing in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Login . The STANDS4 Network. A little introduction to Berlin. Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3,748,148 (2018) inhabitants make it the second most populous city proper of the European Union after London. The city is one of Germany’s 16 federal states. It is surrounded by the state of Brandenburg, and contiguous with its ...1 Hour Dark Clubbing / Dark Techno / EBM / Industrial / Dark Cyberpunk / Dark Electro Mix by Aim To Head.If you like it please don't forget to SUBSCRIBE!🍕Ch...Klubing (12", 33 ⅓ RPM, White Label, Single Sided, Unofficial Release)Not On Label (Onar), Not On Label (O$ka) none: Poland: UnknownDec 25, 2012 · Happy hardcore, gabba, minimalist techno and indie are very popular music styles here. The Kita area of Osaka (i.e. Umeda and surrounding areas) offers a more underground feel to your clubbing experience whilst in Japan. Club Noon (formerly Club Dawn), which would earn the prize for Kansai's best nightclub if ever there were a vote, is a maze ... Address: 88 LòĐúc, PhạmĐìnhHổ, HaiBàTrưng, HàNội 112813, Vietnam. Phone number: +84 96 550 80 88. Timings: Monday-Sunday (9:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m.) Savage Hanoi. Savage Hanoi is a lively club with brews and cocktails. Even the DJ is quite great. The setting is stylish, and it is an underground club.Bronchiectasis is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by a persistent cough and recurrent lung infections. With bronchiectasis, you can experience a daily cough with thick sputum that doesn't improve or resolve on its own. You can also experience issues such as low energy and weight loss.4. Wiggle Room, East Village. Source / Wiggle Room. Since opening in summer 2022, Wiggle Room is one our favorite nightclubs in NYC in terms of aesthetics, cocktails, and clientele. This two floor bar offers “softened socialization” and on-tap cocktails like their “Wiggle Room Martini.”.Clubbing Is a Lifeline—and It’s Back. After the coronavirus pandemic, New Yorkers will not take their dance-club scene for granted again. Attendees of a Mister Sunday party danced during the d ...0:00 / 2:08. Polovica treku Klubing Komplex nazvaná Clubbing Complex s narodeninového mixtapu DJ-a Spank-a pre 90 bpm. Celý trek nájdeš na producentskom mixtape …Get Ready to Dance the Night Away. Attention all party people! If you're looking for the ultimate night out, look no further than Clubing Night. Our club is the perfect spot for dancing, socializing, and just letting loose. Don't miss out on all the fun - …Multicultural and yet still distinctively Greek, Rhodes is a party island that offers something for everyone. Whilst some of the best clubs and discos are scattered throughout Rhodes Town, Faliraki’s popular resort offers lively clubs and bars full of party-goers on booze cruises all year round. Bar Street and Club Street offer exactly what they …noun. /ˈklʌbɪŋ/ [uncountable] the activity of going to nightclubs regularly. They go clubbing most weekends. Topics Hobbies b2. Want to learn more? Find out which words work …Sep 24, 2022 · Clubbing of the nails is soft tissue swelling of the terminal phalanx resulting in straightening of the angle that exists between the nail bed and the nail.[1] The association of clubbing of the fingers with an underlying disease was known since the time of Hippocrates. Clubbing occurs in combination with other dermatologic and skeletal findings but can also less commonly occur in isolation ... Clubbing is a physical sign characterized by bulbous enlargement of the ends of one or more fingers or toes (Figure 44.1). Proliferation and edema of connective tissue result in loss of the normal angle between the skin and nail plate and excessive sponginess of the nail base. Clubbing is usually acquired and is associated with certain ... Sep 10, 2023 · Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as it can impair your judgment and make you more vulnerable. Stay in control of your actions and make rational decisions throughout the night. Secure your personal belongings. Keep your valuables, such as your phone, wallet, and keys, in a safe and secure place. What are the causes of clubbing? Cardiovascular. Infective endocarditis. Cyanotic congential heart disease. Atrial myxoma. Respiratory. Lung cancer (all except small cell) Chronic suppurative lung disease (cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, lung abscess, empyema) Pulmonary fibrosis.4. Wiggle Room, East Village. Source / Wiggle Room. Since opening in summer 2022, Wiggle Room is one our favorite nightclubs in NYC in terms of aesthetics, cocktails, and clientele. This two floor bar offers “softened socialization” and on-tap cocktails like their “Wiggle Room Martini.”.8. Badaboum. Clubs. Roquette. With a look that’s part cosy Paris apartment and part old-school cocktail den, this bar-restaurant is certainly a stylish place to see and be seen. It’s also good ...Stream Mario Toby - Hai Bàn Tay Của Em [Klubing Mix] Free Download ️ by Mario Toby on desktop and mobile. Play over 320 million tracks for free on SoundCloud.Feb 18, 2022 · Toe and finger clubbing is described an increase in the soft tissue around the end of the fingers and toes. The swelling is painless and usually bilateral, unless a localised vascular abnormality exists. There is no change to the underlying bone. The nail base eventually becomes convex and extends halfway up the nail. Introduction. Clubbing of the nails is soft tissue swelling of the terminal phalanx, resulting in the straightening of the angle between the nail bed and the nail. [1] The association of clubbing of the fingers with an underlying disease has been known since Hippocrates. Clubbing is combined with other dermatologic …8. Don't feel bad when you wake up the next morning and cancel all your plans. You'll need to recoup, and not just from your hangover. The alone time before you went out might have recharged you ...INTRODUCTION. The human nail shields the distal digit from harm, assists in the picking up of small objects, improves fine touch, and enhances the aesthetic appearance of the hand [].Aesthetically displeasing nails and nail-associated symptoms, such as pain or throbbing, are common factors that contribute to a patient's decision to seek medical attention.Structured Satin Twill Mini Skater Dress. $52.00 (50% OFF) $104.00. If you're into looking good with next to no effort when you're going out, then we've got the party dresses for you. Click this way to shop your new fave going out dress.Fight Clubbing. 172,814 likes · 7,852 talking about this. Il più grande circuito italiano di Sport da Combattimento Events: Roma 20.04 | Pescara 04.05May 14, 2013 · Digital clubbing was first described by Hippocrates in 400 bc in a patient with empyema. This unique examination finding can provide an immediate clue that a serious underlying condition may exist. In 1938, Lovibond 2 described the “profile” sign ( Figure ), 3 which, if >180°, indicates true clubbing of the fingers. Clubbing Is a Lifeline—and It’s Back. After the coronavirus pandemic, New Yorkers will not take their dance-club scene for granted again. Attendees of a Mister Sunday party danced during the d ...Beograd Clubbing. 13,698 likes · 64 talking about this. Preduzece za sve i svasta.Canada's annual commercial seal hunt is the largest slaughter of marine mammals on the planet. Facing harsh criticism the world over because of the hunt's cruelty and unsustainability, the Canadian government and fishing industry have spread much misinformation. Here are the basic facts about the hunt. 1. Which seals are targeted by …To be clear, I’m talking about a club where there’s a dance floor, a DJ, an in-house bar, and a crowd looking for a night of dancing as well as a good time — a.k.a. a nightclub. (First Time Clubbing Tips) Now, I’m not what you would call a ‘party animal’, but I often go out with new and old friends alike to nightclubs.Because of this, I often get messages not only from …Address: 88 LòĐúc, PhạmĐìnhHổ, HaiBàTrưng, HàNội 112813, Vietnam. Phone number: +84 96 550 80 88. Timings: Monday-Sunday (9:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m.) Savage Hanoi. Savage Hanoi is a lively club with brews and cocktails. Even the DJ is quite great. The setting is stylish, and it is an underground club.Clubbed nails form when there is a change in the angle between the nail bed and the rest of the finger. In a normal fingertip, the area where the nail bed meets the finger is caved inward like a divot. In a clubbed nail, this area appears bulging like a mound. In other words, the inward angle becomes an outward angle.Paceville (St. Julian’s) – main hub of nightlife. Buġibba, Qawra and St. Paul’s Bay (cluster of villages) – mostly bars/pubs and a few clubs. Outskirts of Rabat – Gianpula complex and Numero Uno (popular open-air clubs during the summer months) Valletta and Sliema – mostly bars/pubs and wine bars. Birgu and Mdina …Best clubs in NYC. Photograph: Chris Lavado. 1. Avant Gardner. Nightlife. East Williamsburg. This raging East Williamsburg venue complex features the massive outdoor Brooklyn Mirage sanctuary and ...Clubbing of income. As the term suggests, clubbing of income means adding or including the income of another person (mostly family members) to one’s own income. This is allowed under Section 64 of the IT Act. However, certain restrictions pertaining to specified person (s) and specified scenarios are mandated to discourage this practice.
Clubbing has been described as occurring in stages. 42 First, there is a periungual erythema and a softening of the nail bed, giving a spongy sensation on palpation, followed by an increase in the normal 160° angle between the nail bed and the proximal nailfold. This increased angle causes the nail to develop a convexity …. Crunch fitness long beach
Clubbing definition: the activity of going to nightclubs, especially to dance to popular music, drink, and socialize. See examples of CLUBBING used in a sentence.Klubbing av fingrene eller tærne refererer til visse fysiske endringer i neglene eller tåneglene som skyldes en underliggende medisinsk tilstand. Disse endringene kan omfatte: utvidelse og økt rundhet av neglene økt vinkel mellom neglebåndene og neglene krumning nedover av neglene dine mykgjøring av neglene dine, noe som får neglene til å …The song “KLUBING” by Onar is a vibrant piece of music that captivates listeners with its infectious beats and catchy melodies. Released in 2020, this song has …CLUBBING definition: 1. to go out dancing in clubs: 2. to go out dancing in clubs: . Learn more.Synonyms for CLUBBING: thumping, smashing, thrashing, whipping, flogging, bashing, attack, assault; Antonyms of CLUBBING: pacifism, nonviolence, pacificism, splitting ...Noir Clubbing, Alvalade. 21,741 likes · 56 talking about this · 7,312 were here. Clube alternativo que define tendências em Lisboa, proporcionando um ambiente musical vanguardistaWelcome to KLUB Studio: your path to health and harmony in the heart of Helsinki! Our fitness studio offers a unique blend of mat pilates, yoga, and barre classes to help you …Finger clubbing is a thickening of the fingertips that gives them an abnormal, rounded appearance. The exact cause of finger clubbing is not known, but it is a common symptom of respiratory disease, congenital heart disease, and gastrointestinal disorders. This article will explain what causes finger clubbing, …Mar 15, 2023 · Diagnostic Considerations. Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy is a syndrome defined by chronic proliferative periostitis of the long bones, digital clubbing, and joint swelling. Pseudoclubbing is defined as an overcurvature of the nails in both the longitudinal and transverse axes, with preservation of a normal Lovibond angle. Definition of klubing in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of klubing. What does klubing mean? Information and translations of klubing in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.4. Be prepared with cash and essentials. When going out clubbing alone, having cash and the necessary items on hand is essential. Be sure to bring multiple forms of payment (cash, credit card or prepaid gift cards) in case of emergency.; Wallet essentials such as bank cards, ID or driver’s license should be carried at all times to gain access into a variety of …26) Le Magnifique Paris. Le Magnifique Paris is a club located in Rue de Richelieu, Paris. This night club will remind you on 1950s luxurious lounge clubs, almost like in the movies. The ambience in Le magnifique is sophisticated cool and relaxed, giving it a luxurious feel that not too many Parisian night clubs have.Definition of klubing in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of klubing. What does klubing mean? Information and translations of klubing in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.In her TikTok video uploaded on February 12, Swift hilariously shared that she “accidentally” brought her parents to the club with her in the spur of the moment. “Accidentally going clubbing ...Cyanosis is a blue discolouration of the skin and mucous membranes. It is seen in patients with more than 5 g/dL of desaturated haemoglobin. Cyanosis may be: Central — on the lips and tongue; relates to a circulatory or respiratory problem associated with poor blood oxygenation in …Mar 15, 2023 · The increase in signal supports the theory that clubbing is caused by the presence of a factor (eg, platelet-derived growth factor) that increases cellular metabolism. Other imaging studies, such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, may be helpful in evaluating the patient for the primary pathological process causing the clubbing. Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as it can impair your judgment and make you more vulnerable. Stay in control of your actions and make rational decisions throughout the night. Secure your personal belongings. Keep your valuables, such as your phone, wallet, and keys, in a safe and secure place.Clubbing is a physical sign characterized by bulbous enlargement of the ends of one or more fingers or toes (Figure 44.1). Proliferation and edema of connective tissue result in loss of the normal angle between the skin and nail plate and excessive sponginess of the nail base. Clubbing is usually acquired and is associated with …Introduction. Clubbing of the nails is soft tissue swelling of the terminal phalanx, resulting in the straightening of the angle between the nail bed and the nail. [1] The association of clubbing of the fingers with an underlying disease has been known since Hippocrates. Clubbing is combined with other dermatologic ….